Delivering On The Promises of Intranasal Vaccination

Intranasal vaccination offers a number of valuable benefits. Nasal vaccines are easy to self-administer, non-invasive and trigger a broad immune response, notably mucosal immunity. This article reviews the advantages of intranasal vaccination, the challenges associated with developing nasal spray vaccines and recent advances in the field. COVID-19 has had a hugely disruptive impact on the vaccines market. Although only four nasal spray vaccines are currently in commercial use a significant number of intranasal spray vaccines for COVID-19 are in development, holding out the promise of adding mucosal immunity to improve resistance to the virus. The design of the drug delivery technology and emerging strategies for successful vaccine formulation are discussed.

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